Metadata Format Conversions

This page describes the metadata format conversions used in Alma.

The following crosswalks are used in Alma for conversion of metadata during metadata import and publishing, when the source bibliographic format and target bibliographic format are different, and when the source authority format and target authority format are different (see Managing Import Profiles). Not all possible MARC fields are included in this mapping, but only those from which a crosswalk exists currently by Alma.

Conventions:

  • "$" specifies the subfield used.
  • If no indicators and subfields are specified, all are copied as-is.
  • "#" means a blank position

UNIMARC to MARC21 Crosswalk

UNIMARC to MARC21 - Bibliographic Records

The following is a crosswalk from UNIMARC bibliographic data format to the MARC21 data format, as used in conversion of metadata from UNIMARC to MARC21 in Alma.

UNIMARC Field MARC21 Field Comments
001 035 $a  
005 005  
010 $$adz 020 $$acz  
011 $$az 022 $$ay  
024 $$az 024 $$az  
035 $$az 035 $$az  

100 $a pos02-08

100 $a pos09 'abcdefghij'

100 $a pos10-18

--

100 $a pos18 'bcadekmu'

--

100 $a pos21 'abcdefghy'

--

100 $a pos35

--

101 $a pos01-03

100 $a pos22 '01'

--

008 $a pos00-05

008 $a pos06 'cdusrqmtpe'

008 $a pos07-14

008 $a pos15-21 '######'

008 $a pos22 'abjcdeg'

008 $a pos23-27 '#####'

008 $a pos28 'fsllcizo'

008 $a pos29-32 '####'

008 $a pos33

008 $a pos34 '#'

008 $a pos35-37

008 $a pos38 'o'

008 $a pos39-40 '##'

*If there are several 101 fields, only the first is taken
200 $$aefbhi 245 $$abchnp  
205 250  
210 $$acd 260 $$a,b,c  
214 Ind1=0,1 Ind2=0,1,2,3,4 $$acd  264 Ind1=2,3 Ind2=1,0,2,3,4 $$a,b,c  
215 $$acde 300 $$abce  
219 Ind1=0 $$acd 264 Ind1=1 $$abc   
225 490  
300 500  
312 500  
314 500  
314 500  
320 504  
330 520  

600

If $a and $b exist

If only $a exists

$$cdftxyz2

600

$a (placed concatenated)

$a

$$cbdtxzy2

601

If ind1 = 1

Otherwise

$y

$z

$3

610/611

611 (see Proc. 3 for conversion of indicators and name portion in LOC documentation)

610 (and see Proc. 2 for conversion of indicators and name portion in LOC documentation)

$z

$y

Not converted

The crosswalk from Unimarc 601, 602, 605, 607 is done according to the definitions described in:

https://www.loc.gov/marc/unimarctomarc21_6xx8xx.pdf

The description refers to known procedures described in:

https://www.loc.gov/marc/unimarctomarc21_procedures.pdf

602

ind1=3

ind2

$y

$z

$3

600

ind1=3

Set as in Procedure 8 (in LOC documentation)

$z

$y

Not converted

605

CHANGE 605 to 630

ind1

ind2

$y

$z

$3

630

--

See Procedure 6 (in LOC documentation)

See Procedure 8 (in LOC documentation)

See Procedure 4 for conversion of title subfields (in LOC documentation)

$z

$y

Not converted

607

ind1=#

ind 2

$y

$z

$3

651

ind1=#

See Procedure 8 (in LOC documentation)

$z

$y

Not converted
606 $$abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxzy123456789 650 $$abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789  
610 653  
615 $$ax 650  
615 $$nm 072 $$ax  

700

If $a and $b exist

If only $a exists

$$acdfgp4

100

$a (placed concatenated)

$a

$$acbdqu4

  

701

If $a and $b exist

If only $a exists

$$acdfgp4

700

$a (placed concatenated)

Not converted

$$acbdqu4

  

702

If $a and $b exist

If only $a exists

$$acdfgp4

700

$a (placed concatenated)

Not converted

$$acbdqu4

  

710

when ind=1

otherwise:

$a or $c (when both are not empty)

$b

$b

$e

$f

$d

$p

$4

$3

111

110

$a#c

$b (in 110 or 710)

$e (in 111, 711, 712)

$c

$d

$n

$u

$4

$0

711

when ind=1

otherwise

711

710

  

712

when ind=1

otherwise

711

710

  

801

ind1=# ind2=0 $a

ind1=# ind2=2 $a

040

$a

$d

  
9XX 9XX local fields are translated as is

UNIMARC to MARC21 Conversion Rules for Leader-Type Mapping

UNIMARC Leader Character  MARC21 Leader Character
-- ####
Leader pos05 'o' Leader pos05 'c'
Leader pos06 'amn' Leader pos06 'aor'
Leader pos07  Leader pos07 
-- Leader pos08-16 '##22#'
Leader pos17 '23' Leader pos17 '87'
Leader pos18 'n' Leader pos18 'i'
-- Leader19-23 '#4500'

UNIMARC to MARC21 Authority Records

The following is a crosswalk from UNIMARC authority data format to the MARC21 data format, as used in conversion of authority metadata from UNIMARC to MARC21 in Alma.

Conversion of authority records is supported only in the UNIMARC-to-MARC21 crosswalk.

UNIMARC Field MARC21 Field Comments
001 001  
005 005  
009 ind=2 $$uri 024 ind1=7, ind2=# $a  

100 $a pos04-10

--

100 $a pos13 'y,n'

--

154 pos01 'n'

--

106 when pos01 '1'

106 when pos01 '2'

106 otherwise

--

100 when pos09 'x'

100 when pos 09 everything else

--

008 pos00-05

008 pos06 'n'

080 pos07

008 pos08-11 '#azz'

008 pos12

008 pos13 'n'

008 pos14-15 'ab'

008 pos14-15 'ba'

008 pos14-15 'aa'

008 pos16-32 'bn |aa|'

008 pos33 'n'

008 pos33 - copied from UNIMARC 100 pos09

008 pos34-39 '####'

  

100 pos10-12

040

  
200 ind1=1, ind2+# $$acgftjxzy035268 100 $$acqdtvxyzi0w269  

210 ind1=1 $$cftjxzy03526

210 ind1=not 1 $$adeftjxzy03526

210 ind1=not 1 $c

210 $b

210 ind2=#

110 $$eedtvxyzi0w269

110 $$andtvxyzi0w269

110 $a (concatenated inside brackets)

110/710 $b

111

  
215 $$adeghftjxzy035268 151 $$ancggdtvxyzi0w269  
216 ind1=2 $$adeghftjxzy035268 110 ind1=2 $$ancggdtvxyzi0w269  
220 ind1=3, ind2=# $$acgftjxzy035268 100   
230 $$abhiklmnqrsuwftjxzy035268 130 $$ahnpfklgsmnrodtvxyzi0w269  
240 ind1=1, ind2=# $$acgftjxzy035268 100 $$acqdtvxyzi0w269  
250 $$abhiklmnqrsuwftjxzy035268 150 $$ahnpfklgsmnrodtvxyzi0w269  
300 ind1=# $$aftjxzy035268 680 ind1=# $$idtvxyzi0w269  
301 $$ftjxzy035268 370 $$dtvxyzi0w269  
302 $$ftjxzy035268 678 $$dtvxyzi0w269  
303 $$ftjxzy035268 371 $$dtvxyzi0w269  
330 $$ftjxzy035268 688 $$dtvxyzi0w269  
340 $$ftjxzy035268 678 $$dtvxyzi0w269  
400 ind1=1, ind2=# $$acgftjxzy035268 400 $$acqdtvxyzi0w269  

410 ind1=1, $$bcftjxzy03526

410 ind1=not 1, $$abcdeftjxzy03526

410 ind1=not 1, $c

410 ind2=#

410 $$eedtvxyzi0w269

410 $$abbncdtvxyzi0w269

410 $a (concatenated inside brackets)

411

  
415 $$adeghftjxzy035268 451 $$ancggdtvxyzi0w269  
416 ind1=2, $$adeghftjxzy035268 410 ind1=2 $$ancggdtvxyzi0w269  
420 ind1=3, ind2=# $$acgftjxzy035268 400 $$acqdtvxyzi0w269  
430 $$abhiklmnqrsuwftjxzy035268 430 $$ahnpfklgsmnrodtvxyzi0w269  
440 ind1=1, ind2=# $$acgftjxzy035268 400 $$acqdtvxyzi0w269  
450 $$abhiklmnqrsuwftjxzy035268 450 $$ahnpfklgsmnrodtvxyzi0w269  
500 ind1=1, ind2=# $$acgftjxzy035268 500 $$acqdtvxyzi0w269  

510 ind1=1 $$bcftjxzy03526

510 ind1=not 1 $$abcdeftjxzy03526

510 ind1=not 1 $c

510 ind2=#

510 $$eedtvxyzi0w269

510 $$abbncdtvxyzi0w269

510 $a (concatenated inside brackets)

511

  
515 $$adeghftjxzy035268 551 $$ancggdtvxyzi0w269  
516 ind1=2 $$adeghftjxzy035268 510 ind1=2 $$ancggdtvxyzi0w269  
520 ind1=3, ind2=# $$acgftjxzy035268 500 $$acqdtvxyzi0w269  
530 $$abhiklmnqrsuwftjxzy035268 530 $$ahnpfklgsmnrodtvxyzi0w269  
550 $$abhiklmnqrsuwftjxzy035268 550 $$ahnpfklgsmnrodtvxyzi0w269  
686 $$ftjxzy035268 065 $$dtvxyzi0w269  
700 ind1=1, ind2=# $$acgftjxzy035268 700 $$acqdtvxyzi0w269  

710 ind1=1 $$bcftjxzy03526

710 ind1=not 1 $$abcdeftjxzy03526

710 ind1=not 1 $c

710 ind2=#

710 $$eedtvxyzi0w269

710 $$abbncdtvxyzi0w269

710 $a (concatenated inside brackets)

711

  
715 $$adeghftjxzy035268 751 $$ancggdtvxyzi0w269  
716 ind1=2, $$adeghftjxzy035268 710 $$ancggdtvxyzi0w269  
720 ind1=3, ind2=# $$acgftjxzy035268 700 $$acqdtvxyzi0w269  
730 $$abhiklmnqrsuwftjxzy035268 730 $$ahnpfklgsmnrodtvxyzi0w269  
740 ind1=1, ind2=# $$acgftjxzy035268 700 $$acqdtvxyzi0w269  
750 $$abhiklmnqrsuwftjxzy035268 750 $$ahnpfklgsmnrodtvxyzi0w269  

801 ind1=# ind2=0 $a

801 ind1=# ind2=2 $a

801 $$ftjxzy035268

040 $b

040 $d

040 $$dtvxyzi0w269

  
810 $$ftjxzy035268 670 $$dtvxyzi0w269  
822 922  
829 929  

UNIMARC to MARC21 Authority Records - Conversion Rules for Leader-Type Mapping

UNIMARC Leader Character  MARC21 Leader Character
Leader pos00-04 Leader pos00-04
Leader05  Leader pos005
  Leader pos06 'z'
  Leader pos07-08 "'#"
  Leader pos09 'a'
  Leader pos07 '22'
  Leader pos08-16 '00000'
  Leader pos17 'n'
  Leader pos18-19 "##"
  Leader pos19-23 '4500'

MARC21 to UNIMARC Crosswalk

The following is a crosswalk from MARC21 data format to the UNIMARC bibliographic data format, as used in conversion of metadata from MARC21 to UNIMARC in Alma.

Conventions:

  • "$" is used to specify the subfield used. If none is specified, all subfields are used.
MARC21 Field UNIMARC Field Comments

007

character position 00='g'

--

pos03='c' pos03='a,b,| pos03='h' pos03='m,n' pos03=otherwise

pos05='#' pos05='a,b,u' pos05=otherwise

pos06='#' pos06='a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,u,z' pos06=otherwise

pos07='j' pos07='v' pos07='y' pos07='a,b,c,d,e,f,g,k,s,t,w,x,z' pos07=otherwise

pos01='c' pos01='d' pos01='f' pos01='o' pos01='t' pos01='u,z' pos01=otherwise

--

pos04='e' pos04='j' pos04='k' pos04='m' pos04='d,o,z' pos04='u' pos04=otherwise

pos08='#' pos08='c' pos08='d' pos08='e' pos08='h' pos08='j' pos08='k' pos08='m' pos08='u,z' pos08=otherwise

115 Ind1=# Ind2=#

--

pos00-03 '|||'

pos04='z' pos04='a,b,u,z,|' pos04='c' pos04='|' pos04='|'

pos05='y' pos05='a,b,u' pos05='|'

pos06='x' pos06='a,b,c,d,e,f,r,g,h,i,u,z' pos06='|'

pos07='l' pos07='r' pos07='u' pos07='a,b,c,d,e,f,g,k,s,t,w,x,z' pos07='|'

pos08='b' pos08='h' pos08='i' pos08='j' pos08='l' pos08='u,z' pos08='|'

pos09-16 '||||||||'

pos17='c' pos17='k' pos17='b' pos17='v' pos17='z' pos04='u' pos04='|'

pos18='y' pos18='a' pos18='b' pos18='c' pos18='d' pos18='e' pos18='f' pos18='z' pos18='u,z' pos18='|'

  

007

character position 00='c'

pos01='e,d' pos01='a,b,c,f,m,o,r,u,z,|' pos01='h' pos01='j' pos01='k' pos01=otherwise

pos03='a,b,c,g,m,n,u,z,|' pos03=otherwise

pos04='e' pos04='a,g,i,j,n,o,u,v,z,|' pos04=otherwise

pos05='#,a,u,|' pos05=otherwise

pos09='a,m,u,|' pos09=otherwise

pos10='a,n,p,u,|' pos10=otherwise

pos11='a,b,c,d,m,n,u,|' pos11=otherwise

pos12='a,b,d,m,u,|' pos12=otherwise

pos13='a,n,p,r,u,|' pos13=otherwise

035 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a

-- pos01='z' pos01='a,b,c,f,m,o,r,u,z,|' pos01='e' pos01='h' pos01='j' pos01='|'

pos02='a,b,c,g,m,n,u,r,z,|' pos02='|'

pos03='b' pos03='a,g,i,j,n,o,u,v,z,|' pos03='|'

pos04='#,a,u,|' pos04='|'

pos08='a,m,u,|' pos08='|'

pos09='a,n,p,u,|' pos09='|'

pos10='a,b,c,d,m,n,u,|' pos10='|'

pos11='a,b,d,m,u,|' pos11='|'

pos12='a,n,p,r,u,|' pos12='|'

  

007

character position 00=a'

pos00-01='ad'

pos00-01='ag'

pos00-01='aj'

pos00-01='ak'

pos00-01='aq'

pos00-01='ar'

pos00-01='as'

pos00-01='au,az'

pos00-01='ay'

pos00='a' and $pos01='|'

pos00-03='aa'

pos00-03='ac'

pos00='a' and $pos03='|'

pos00-04='aa,ab,ac,ad,ae,af,ag,ap'

pos00-04='ai,al,at,au'

pos00-04='aj'

pos00-04='aq'

pos00-04='ar'

pos00-04='as'

pos00-04='an,av,aw'

pos00-04='ay'

pos00-04='ay'

pos00='a' and '|'

pos00-06='aa,ac'

pos00-06='ad'

$pos00-06='ac,au,az'

pos00='a' and $pos06='|'

pos00='d'

pos00='f'

12X Ind1=# Ind2=#

--

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'a'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'b'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'd'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'f'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'e'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'g'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'h'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'z'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=#$b 'i'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# '|'

120 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||||||||||||'

120 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b '||||||||||||'

120 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '|||||||||||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '|| aa,ab,ac,ad,ae,af,ag,ap,|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||ae|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||az|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||ba|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||bb|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||bc|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||ba|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||af|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||bz|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||az|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '|||||||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||||d||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||||c||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '|||||||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '|||||||||'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a 'c'

106 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a 'f'

  

008

pos00-05

starts with '9'

starts with '8'

otherwise

pos06='cdusrqmtpe'

pos07

pos22= 'abjcdeg '

pos28='fsllcizo'

--

pos38 only if empty 040 $b pos00-04 pos24-32 pos33='abcdefghzu'

pos35-37

100 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a

pos00-07

pos00-05,'19'

pos00-05,'20'

--

pos08='abcdefghij'

pos09-16

pos17-18= 'bcadekmu'

pos20='abcdefghy'

pos21

pos22-24 blank

pos25-33

pos34=abcdefghz'

101 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a If this field is not empty, then 101 Ind1=0 Ind2=# $a

--

  
020 010  
022 011  
024 $az 024 $az  
028 071  
035 $az 035 $az  
040 $a 801 $b  
072 $$nm 615 $$ax  
082 $$a 676 $a  
084 686  
100 700  
210 $a 531 $a  
245 $$abchnp 200 $$aefbhi Punctuation marks \ . : , are removed from the end of the text of the subfield.
246 $$ab 517 Ind2=# $$ae   
250 205  
260 $$abc 210 $$acd

Punctuation marks \ . : , are removed from the end of the text of the subfield
264 $$abc 210 $$acd  
300 $$abce 215 $$acde Punctuation marks \ . : , are removed from the end of the text of the subfield
336 $$b26 181 $$c26 All indicators are reset
337 $$b26 182 $$c26 All indicators are reset
338 $$b26 183 $$a26 All indicators are reset
440 225  
490 225  
500 300  
504 320  
505 327  
520 330  
541 $a 345 $a All indicators are reset
650 $$abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz012456789 606 $$abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz312456789 All end punctuation is removed

All indicators are reset
650 $$ax 615  
651 607 All end punctuation is removed

All indicators are reset
653 610  
655 608 All indicators are reset
710 $$abncdu4 712 Ind1=1 Ind2=2 $$abdefp4   
711 $$aencdu4 712 Ind1=1 Ind2=2 $$abdefp4   
776 311 $a all tags are converted to $a
830 410  
852 852  
856 856  
906 $a 906 $a  
9XX - 9XX 9XX - 9XX  

MARC21 to UNIMARC Conversion Rules for Leader-Type Mapping

MARC21 Leader Character  UNIMARC Leader Character
-- Leader pos00-04 '####'
Leader pos05 'c' Leader pos05 'o'
Leader pos06 'aor' Leader pos06 'amn'
Leader pos07  Leader pos07 
-- Leader pos08-16 '#22#'
Leader pos17 '87' Leader pos17 '23' 
Leader pos18 'i' Leader pos18 'n'
-- Leader pos19-23 '#450'

CNMARC to MARC21 Crosswalk

The following is a crosswalk from CNMARC bibliographic data format to the MARC21 data format, as used in conversion of metadata from CNMARC to MARC21 in Alma.

Conventions:

  • "$" is used to specify the subfield used. If none is specified, all subfields are used.
Comments MARC21 Field CNMARC Field
  005 005
  020 $$acz 010 $$adz
  022 $$az 011 $$az
  035 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a 001
  035 $$az 035 $$az
Information from CNMARC field 100 is mapped to MARC 21 field 008.

008 $a pos00-05

008 $a pos06 'cdusrqmtpe'

008 $a pos07-14

008 $a pos15-21 '#######'

008 $a pos22 'abjcdeg'

008 $a pos23-27 '#####'

008 $a pos28 'fsllcizo'

008 $a pos29-32 '####'

008 $a pos33

008 $a pos34 '#'

008 $a pos35-37

008 $a pos39-40' ###'

100 $a pos00-06

100 $a pos09 'abcdefghij'

100 $a pos10-18

--

100 $a pos18 'bcadekmu'

--

100 $a pos21 'abcdefghy'

--

100 $a pos35

--

101 $a pos01-04

--

245 ind1#', ind2#', $$abch

$c

$g,t

200 ind1, ind2, $$aefb

if $f

If g
  250 205
  260 $$abc 210 $$acd
  300 $$abce 215 $$acde
  653 610
  650 615 $$ax
  072 $$ax 615 $$nm
100 Ind2=# 'acbdqu4' 700 'acdfgp4'
  700 'acbdqu4' 701 'acdfgp4'
  700 'acbdqu4' 702 'acdfgp4'
  040 $a 801 $b

CNMARC to MARC21 Conversion Rules for Leader-Type Mapping

CNMARC Leader Character  MARC21 Leader Character
Leader pos00-04 ####
Leader pos05 'o' Leader pos05 'c'
Leader pos06 'hmn' Leader pos06 'aor'
Leader pos07  Leader pos07 
Leader pos08-16  Leader pos08-15 '#22#'
Leader pos17 '23' Leader pos17 '87'
Leader pos18 'n' Leader pos18 'i'
Leader pos19-23 Leader pos19-23 '#4500'

MARC21 to CNMARC Crosswalk

The following is a crosswalk from MARC21 data format to the CNMARC bibliographic data format, as used in conversion of metadata from MARC21 to CNMARC in Alma.

CNMARC (China MARC21 Format) is generated on the basis of UNIMARC. All the rules of UNIMARC were absorbed by CNMARC, and the field and subfield are all reserved in the CNMARC. It is therefore completely compatible with UNIMARC.

Conventions:

  • "$" is used to specify the subfield used. If none is specified, all subfields are used.
Comments CNMARC Field MARC21 Field
001 001
  005 005
 

115 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a

pos00-03 '|||'

pos04='z' pos04='a,b,u,z,|' pos04='c' pos04='|' pos04='|'

pos05='y' pos05='a,b,u' pos05='|'

pos06='x' pos06='a,b,c,d,e,f,r,g,h,i,u,z' pos06='|'

pos07='l' pos07='r' pos07='u' pos07='a,b,c,d,e,f,g,k,s,t,w,x,z' pos07='|'

pos08='b' pos08='h' pos08='i' pos08='j' pos08='l' pos08='u,z' pos08='|'

pos09-16 '||||||||'

pos17='c' pos17='k' pos17='b' pos17='v' pos17='z' pos04='u' pos04='|'

pos18='y' pos18='a' pos18='b' pos18='c' pos18='d' pos18='e' pos18='f' pos18='z' pos18='u,z' pos18='|'

007

character position 00='g'

pos03='c' pos03='a,b,u,z,|' pos03='h' pos03='m,n' pos03=otherwise

pos05='#' pos05='a,b,u' pos05=otherwise

pos06='#' pos06='a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,u,z' pos06=otherwise

pos07='j' pos07='v' pos07='y' pos07='a,b,c,d,e,f,g,k,s,t,w,x,z' pos07=otherwise

pos01='c' pos01='d' pos01='f' pos01='o' pos01='t' pos01='u,z' pos01=otherwise

--

pos04='e' pos04='j' pos04='k' pos04='m' pos04='d,o,z' pos04='u' pos04=otherwise

pos08='#' pos08='c' pos08='d' pos08='e' pos08='h' pos08='j' pos08='k' pos08='m' pos08='u,z' pos08=otherwise
 

035 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a pos01='z' pos01='a,b,c,f,m,o,r,u,z,|' pos01='e' pos01='h' pos01='j' pos01='|'

pos02='a,b,c,g,m,n,u,r,z,|' pos02='|'

pos03='b' pos03='a,g,i,j,n,o,u,v,z,|' pos03='|'

pos04='#,a,u,|' pos04='|'

pos08='a,m,u,|' pos08='|'

pos09='a,n,p,u,|' pos09='|'

pos10='a,b,c,d,m,n,u,|' pos10='|'

pos11='a,b,d,m,u,|' pos11='|'

pos12='a,n,p,r,u,|' pos12='|'

007

character position 00='c'

pos01='e,d' pos01='a,b,c,f,m,o,r,u,z,|' pos01='h' pos01='j' pos01='k' pos01=otherwise

pos03='a,b,c,g,m,n,u,z,|' pos03=otherwise

pos04='e' pos04='a,g,i,j,n,o,u,v,z,|' pos04=otherwise

pos05='#,a,u,|' pos05=otherwise

pos09='a,m,u,|' pos09=otherwise

pos10='a,n,p,u,|' pos10=otherwise

pos11='a,b,c,d,m,n,u,|' pos11=otherwise

pos12='a,b,d,m,u,|' pos12=otherwise

pos13='a,n,p,r,u,|' pos13=otherwise
 

12X Ind1=# Ind2=#

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'a'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'b'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'd'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'f'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'e'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'g'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'h'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b 'z'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=#$b 'i'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# '|'

120 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||||||||||||'

120 Ind1=# Ind2=# $b '||||||||||||'

120 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '|||||||||||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '|| aa,ab,ac,ad,ae,af,ag,ap,|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||ae|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||az|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||ba|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||bb|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||bc|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||ba|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||af|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||bz|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||az|||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '|||||||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||||d||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '||||c||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '|||||||||'

121 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a '|||||||||'

124 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a 'c'

106 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a 'f'

007

character position 00=a'

pos00-01='ad'

pos00-01='ag'

pos00-01='aj'

pos00-01='ak'

pos00-01='aq'

pos00-01='ar'

pos00-01='as'

pos00-01='au,az'

pos00-01='ay'

pos00='a' and $pos01='|'

pos00-03='aa'

pos00-03='ac'

pos00='a' and $pos03='|'

pos00-04='aa,ab,ac,ad,ae,af,ag,ap'

pos00-04='ai,al,at,au'

pos00-04='aj'

pos00-04='aq'

pos00-04='ar'

pos00-04='as'

pos00-04='an,av,aw'

pos00-04='ay'

pos00-04='ay'

pos00='a' and '|'

pos00-06='aa,ac'

pos00-06='ad'

$pos00-06='ac,au,az'

pos00='a' and $pos06='|'

pos00='d'

pos00='f'
 

100 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a

pos00-05

text '19'+pos00-05

text '19'+pos00-05

text '20'+pos00-05

pos08='abcdefghij'

pos09-16

pos17-18

pos19='bcadekmu'

pos20='abcdefghy'

pos21

pos 22-24 pos 25-33 pos 34=abcdefghz' 101 Ind1=# Ind2=# $a

If this field is not empty, then 101 Ind1=0 Ind2=# $a

008

pos00-05

starts with '9'

starts with '8'

otherwise

pos06='cdusrqmtpe'

pos07-15

--

pos22= 'abjcdeg '

pos28='fsllcizo'

pos38

040 $b=#

pos24-32 pos33='abcdefghzu'

pos35-37
  010 020
  011 022
  024 $$az 024 $$az
  035 $$az 035 $$az
  801 Ind1=# Ind2=0 $b 040 $a
  676 $a 082 $a
  686 084
  700 100
  531 $a 210 $a
  200 $$aefb 245 $$abch
  210 $$acd 260 $$abc
  215 $$acde 300 $$abce
  300 500
  311 $a 776
  320 504
  327 505
  330 520
  606 650
  608 651
  610 653
  615 $$ax 650 
  701 700
  702 700
  856 856
  906 $a 906 $a

MARC21 to CNMARC Conversion Rules for Leader-Type Mapping

MARC21 Leader Character  CNMARC Leader Character
#### Leader00-04
Leader05 'c' Leader05 'o'
Leader06 'aor' Leader06 'hmn'
Leader07  Leader07 
Leader08-16 '#22#' Leader08-16 
Leader17 '87' Leader17 '23'
Leader18 'i' Leader18 'n'

Leader19-23 '#450'

 Leader19-23

KORMARC to MARC21 Crosswalk

The following is a crosswalk from KORMARC bibliographic data format to the MARC21 data format, as used in conversion of metadata from KORMARC to MARC21 in Alma. All the fields except for the delow fields are copied verbatim

Conventions:

  • "$" is used to specify the subfield used. If none is specified, all subfields are used.
Comments MARC21 Field KORMARC Field
  001 001
  005 005
  006 006
  007 007

008 pos00-25

008 pos26-27 '##'

008 pos38

008 pos29-31

008 pos32 Undefined

008 pos33-37

008 pos39 '#'

008 pos00-25

008 pos26-27

008 pos28

008 pos29-31

008 pos32

008 pos33-37

008 pos39
Everything except 2nd indicator and $$d,e,x is copied over to MARC21 245 Ind1=# 'abcfghknps68' 245 Ind1 Ind2 'abcdefghknpsx68'

KORMARC to MARC21 Conversion Rules for Leader-Type Mapping

KORMARC Leader Character  MARC21 Leader Character
##### Leader pos00-04
Leader pos06-09 Leader pos05-08
Leader pos10 '#z' Leader pos09 '##' 
-- Leader pos10-16 '22#'
Leader pos18 Leader pos17
Leader pos19 'ck' Leader pos18 '##'
-- Leader pos19-23 '#4500'

MARC21 to KORMARC Crosswalk

The following is a crosswalk from MARC21 bibliographic data format to the KORMARC data format, as used in conversion of metadata from MARC 21to KORMARC in Alma. All the fields except for 245 are copied verbatim

Conventions:

  • "$" is used to specify the subfield used. If none is specified, all subfields are used.
Comments KORMARC Field MARC21 Field
  001 001
  005 005
  006 006
  007 007

080 pos 00-25

008 pos26-27 '#'

008 pos28

008 pos29-31

008 pos32

008 pos33-38

008 pos39 '#'

008 pos00-25

008 pos26-27

008 pos32

008 pos29-31

008 pos39

008 pos33-38

--

The 1st indicator is copied over, but the 2nd indicator is not.

 245 Ind2=#   245 $$abdefghknpsx68

MARC21 to KORMARC Conversion Rules for Leader-Type Mapping

MARC21 Leader Character  KORMARC Leader Character
  Leader pos00-04 '####'
Leader pos04-08 Leader pos05-08
Leader pos09 '#' Leader pos09 '#'
  Leader pos10-16
Leader pos17-18 Leader pos17-18
  Leader pos19-23 '4500'

MARC21 to Dublin Core Crosswalk

The following is a crosswalk between MARC21 bibliographic data elements and elements in the Dublin Core Element Set, as used in conversion of metadata from MARC21 into Dublin Core in Alma. Not all possible MARC21 fields are included in this mapping, but only those from which a crosswalk exists currently in Alma. Currently, MARC21 to Dublin Core Crosswalk is supported only for publishing from Alma and not for import to Alma.

Since MARC21 is richer in data than Dublin Core, multiple MARC21 fields may be mapped to a single Dublin Core element.

Alma supports only the crosswalk from MARC21 to Simple Dublin Core. Qualified Dublin Core output exists in Alma only to support publishing Alma-native Qualified Dublin Core records without losing data (as if it was published in Simple Dublin Core).

For the Library Of Congress standard crosswalk page, see https://www.loc.gov/marc/marc2dc.html.

Conventions:

  • "$" is used to specify the subfield used. If none is specified, all subfields are used.
MARC Fields DC Element Comments
  • 245, 246 $$ a,b,f,g,h,k
 Title  
  • 720 $e and text=author
 Creator  
  • 100,110,111,700,710,711
  • 720 $eand text=collaborator
 Contributor  
  • leader6 $$a,e,f,c,d,i,k,g,r,m,p
  • leader7 $c
  • 655 ind1=7 $2 and text=local
 Type

See Conversion Rules for Leader-Type Mapping.
  • 260 $$a,b
 Publisher  
  • 008 / 8,4
  • 260 $$c,g
 Date
  • 008 / 36,3
  • 041 $$a,b,d,e,f,g,h,j
  • 546 $a
 Language  
  • 340
  • 856 $q
 Format  
  • 520 $a
  • 521 $a
  • 500-599,except for 506, 530, 540, 546, 521, 520 For OAI: 500-599,except for 506, 530, 540, 546 $a
 Description  
  • 600, 610, 611, 630, 650, 653, 050, 060, 080, 082 $$ a,b,c,d,q
 Subject  
  • 500 $$a,b,c,d For OAI: This field is not converted
  • 651,662,751,752
Coverage  
  • 530 $$o,tFor OAI: 530 $$abcdu
  • 760,762,765,767,770,772-777,780,785,786 $$o,t
  • 787 $n
  • 787
Relations  
  • 020 $a For OAI: 020 $a if text=URN:ISBN
  • 022 $a
  • 024 ind1=8 $a
  • 035 $a
  • 856 $u
 Identifier  
  • 506
  • 540 $a
 Rights  
  • 534 $t
  • 786 ind1=0, $n
  • 786 $$o,t
 Source  

Conversion Rules for Leader-Type Mapping

Note that field 655 is also used for more specific Type information.

Leader/06 value Leader/07 value Type value
a   text
e,f   cartographic
c,d   notated music
i   sound
k   image
g   moving image
m   software, multimedia
r   event
p c  collection

Dublin Core to MARC21 Crosswalk

The following is a crosswalk between the metadata terms in the Dublin Core Element Set and MARC 21  bibliographic data elements. Currently, Dublin Core to MARC21 Crosswalk is supported only when importing metadata of remote representations.

DC Element Simple DC Element Qualified MARC21 Field Comments
Contributor   720 ind1=0, ind2=0, $a,e  
Coverage   520 $a  
Creator   100 ind1=1, $a  
Date    
  dc:record/dc:date 260 $c  
Description   520 $a  
Format   856 $q  
Identifier    
  dc:lcc_number 100 $a  
  dc:oclc_number 035 $a  
  dc:other_stardard_id 024 $a  
 

dc:identifier_issn

(not dc:citation_type or dc:citation_type=BK)

022 $a

773 ind1=0, $x

  
  dc:identifier_isbn 020 $a  
  dc:citation_type=CR 773 ind1=0, $x  
Language 546 $a  
Publisher    
  dc:record/dc:rlterms_placeOfPublication 260 $a  
  dc:record/dc:publisher 260 $b  
Relations   787 ind1=0,   
  dc:rlterms_additionalPersonName 700 787 ind1=1, $a  
  dc:rlterms_note 500 $a  
  dc:rlterms_edition 250 $a  
 

dc:rlterms_pages when dc:citation_type=BK

 300 $a  
  dc:record/dc:source 590 $a  
  dc:record/dc:series_title_number 490 ind1=0, $a  
 

dc:record/dc:doi

dc:record/dc:pmid

856 $u 'doi',dc:record/dc:doi'

856 $u 'pmid',dc:record/dc:pmid'

  
 

dc:record/dc:volume

dc:record/dc:part

490 $v 'v,dc:record/dc:volume'

490 $v 'no,dc:record/dc:part'

  
 

dc:record/dc:lrterms_journalTitle

773 ind1=0, $t 'dc:record/dc:lrterms_journalTitle'

  
 

dc:record/dc:identifier_issn AND dc:record/dc:citation_type is 'CR'

773 ind1=0, $x 'dc:record/dc:identifier_issn'

  
 

dc:record/dc:rlterms_volumePartNumber

dc:record/dc:rlterms_issue

dc:record/dc:rlterms_chapter

dc:record/dc:rlterms_pages AND not(dc:record/dc:citation_type OR dc:record/dc:citation_type is not 'BK'

dc:record/dc:rlterms_year

dc:record/dc:start_page, dc:record/dc:end_page

773 ind1=0, $g 'no:',dc:record/dc:rlterms_volumePartNumber'

773 ind1=0, $g 'iss:',dc:record/dc:rlterms_issue'

773 ind1=0, $g 'pt:',dc:record/dc:rlterms_chapter'

773 ind1=0, $g 'p:',dc:record/dc:rlterms_pages'

773 ind1=0, $g 'yr:',dc:record/dc:rlterms_year'

773 ind1=0, $g 'pages:',dc:record/dc:start_page,'-',dc:record/dc:end_page'

if test="dc:record/dc:start_page2", then 773 ind1=0, $g 'dc:record/dc:start_page2,'-',dc:record/dc:end_page2'
Rights 540 $a  
Source 789 ind1=0, $n  
Subject 653 $a  
  dc:record/dc:lrterms_callNumber=0 050 ind2=4, $a  
  dc:record/dc:lrterms_callNumber=1 082 ind2=4, $a  
  dc:record/dc:lrterms_callNumber=2 060 ind2=4, $a  
  dc:record/dc:lrterms_callNumber=3 086 ind2=#, $a  
  dc:record/dc:lrterms_callNumber=4 094 ind2=#, $a  
  dc:record/dc:lrterms_callNumber=8 084 ind2=#, $a  
Title 245 ind1=1, ind2=0, $a  
Type   655 ind1=7, ind2=#, $a, when $2='local'  

Dublin Core to MARC21 - Conversion Rules for Type-Leader Mapping

Type value Leader value Comments
collection  n, Leader pos06 p, pos07 c,  If material type is 'journal', then leader pos07 is 's'

dataset

interactive resource

service

software

 n, Leader pos06 m, pos07 m, 3u
event  n, Leader pos06 r, pos07 m, 3u
image n, Leader pos06 k, pos07 m, 3u
sound n, Leader pos06 i, pos07 m, 3u
text n, Leader pos06 a, pos07 m, 3u
all other Type values n, Leader pos06 a, pos07 m, 3u

BIBFRAME to/from MARC21 Crosswalk

Alma supports the crosswalk between BIBFRAME and MARC 21 bibliographic data formats for metadata conversion.

For detailed information, refer to the Library of Congress conversion specifications:

Ex Libris has enhanced its support for Alma and its users by implementing specific modifications to the BIBFRAME to MARC conversion process while maintaining the use of the latest Library of Congress version (2.8) for MARC to BIBFRAME conversion.

The key changes implemented by Ex Libris to support Alma in the BIBFRAME to MARC conversion process:

  1. API Call Optimization: Redirected API calls to Ex Libris' Community Zone authority records, reducing the need for frequent calls to id.loc.gov during MARC conversion. This change improves efficiency and reduces external dependencies.

  2. Vocabulary Conversion Enhancement: Now utilizing labels within BIBFRAME records for vocabulary conversions, instead of making API calls to https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary. If a label is unavailable, the system uses the URI suffix as a fallback. This approach streamlines the conversion process and reduces reliance on external services.

  3. MMS ID Integration: Ensured that the 001 field in the MARC record receives an MMS ID (Alma's unique identifier), improving record identification and management within the Alma system.

  4. Relations Support Expansion: Added support for the relations format used by Sinopia (PCC templates), which differs from the structure found in Library of Congress records. This enhancement improves compatibility with a wider range of BIBFRAME record sources.

These modifications aim to enhance the BIBFRAME to MARC conversion process, making it more efficient, robust, and better aligned with Alma's specific requirements and workflows.